网络类型
1.Broadcast
2.NonBroadcast
3.Point-to-Multimpoint
4.Point-to-Multimpoint NonBroadcast
5.Point-to-Point
****************************************************
**OSPF网络类型 DR/BDR 手工邻居 HELLO 单播/组播 **
** P2P --- --- 10S 组 **
** P2MP --- --- 30S 单/组 **
** NBMA √ √ 30S 单 **
** Broadcast √ --- 10S 组 **
** P2MP-NBMA --- √ 30S 单 **
****************************************************
--------------------------------
R1
|(S1/0)
|
R2(S1/0)------FR-SW-------(S1/0)R3
--------------------------------
1.NonBroadcast
R1#show run
interface Loopback0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Serial1/0
ip address 123.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay 默认为NonBroadcast
frame-relay map ip 123.1.1.3 103 默认为没有广播能力
frame-relay map ip 123.1.1.2 102
no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
router ospf 100
router-id 1.1.1.1
log-adjacency-changes
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 123.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
neighbor 123.1.1.3 priority 1 需要手工指定邻居
neighbor 123.1.1.2 priority 1
!
R2#show run
interface Loopback0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Serial1/0
ip address 123.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay map ip 123.1.1.3 203
frame-relay map ip 123.1.1.1 201
no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
router ospf 100
router-id 2.2.2.2
log-adjacency-changes
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 123.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
neighbor 123.1.1.3 priority 1
neighbor 123.1.1.1 priority 1
!
R3#show run
interface Loopback0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
ip ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Serial1/0
ip address 123.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
ip ospf network broadcast
frame-relay map ip 123.1.1.1 301
frame-relay map ip 123.1.1.2 302
no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
router ospf 100
router-id 3.3.3.3
log-adjacency-changes
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 123.1.1.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
neighbor 123.1.1.2 priority 1
neighbor 123.1.1.1 priority 1
!
------------------------------
hello间隔为30s，单播更新
R1#debug ip ospf hello
OSPF hello events debugging is on
R1#
May 6 16:34:38.471: OSPF: Send hello to 0.0.0.1 area 0 on Serial1/0 from 123.1.1.1
R1#
May 6 16:34:44.999: OSPF: Rcv hello from 3.3.3.3 area 0 from Serial1/0 123.1.1.3
May 6 16:34:45.003: OSPF: End of hello processing
R1#
May 6 16:34:57.035: OSPF: Rcv hello from 2.2.2.2 area 0 from Serial1/0 123.1.1.2
May 6 16:34:57.039: OSPF: End of hello processing
R1#
May 6 16:35:08.475: OSPF: Send hello to 0.0.0.1 area 0 on Serial1/0 from 123.1.1.1
R1#
May 6 16:35:15.019: OSPF: Rcv hello from 3.3.3.3 area 0 from Serial1/0 123.1.1.3
May 6 16:35:15.023: OSPF: End of hello processing
R1#
May 6 16:35:27.059: OSPF: Rcv hello from 2.2.2.2 area 0 from Serial1/0 123.1.1.2
May 6 16:35:27.063: OSPF: End of hello processing
R1#
May 6 16:35:38.479: OSPF: Send hello to 0.0.0.1 area 0 on Serial1/0 from 123.1.1.1
R1#
-----------------------
需要选择DR/BDR的,可以手工选择，通过 neighbor 123.1.1.1 priority 1的优先级来调整
R1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
3.3.3.3 1 FULL/DR 00:01:35 123.1.1.3 Serial1/0
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/DROTHER 00:01:47 123.1.1.2 Serial1/0
R1#
-----------------------
查看接口的OSPF网络类型
R1#show ip ospf interface s1/0
Serial1/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 123.1.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 100, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type NON_BROADCAST, Cost: 64 为NonBroadcast类型
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1
Designated Router (ID) 3.3.3.3, Interface address 123.1.1.3
Backup Designated router (ID) 1.1.1.1, Interface address 123.1.1.1
Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 120
Hello due in 00:00:05
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec
Neighbor Count is 2, Adjacent neighbor count is 2
Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3 (Designated Router)
Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
R1#show frame-relay map
Serial1/0 (up): ip 123.1.1.3 dlci 103(0x67,0x1870), static,
CISCO, status defined, active
Serial1/0 (up): ip 123.1.1.2 dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), static,
CISCO, status defined, active
R1#
-----------------------
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 2.2.2.0 [110/65] via 123.1.1.2, 00:01:08, Serial1/0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 3.3.3.0 [110/65] via 123.1.1.3, 00:01:08, Serial1/0
123.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 123.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R1#