在Android系统中,发一个状态栏通知还是很方便的。下面我们就来看一下,怎么发送状态栏通知,状态栏通知又有哪些参数可以设置?
首先,发送一个状态栏通知必须用到两个类: NotificationManager 、 Notification。
NotificationManager : 是状态栏通知的管理类,负责发通知、清楚通知等。
NotificationManager 是一个系统Service,必须通过 getSystemService()方法来获取。
- NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
Notification:是具体的状态栏通知对象,可以设置icon、文字、提示声音、振动等等参数。
下面是设置一个通知需要的基本参数:
- An icon (通知的图标)
- A title and expanded message (通知的标题和内容)
- A
PendingIntent (点击通知执行页面跳转)
可选的设置:
- A ticker-text message (状态栏顶部提示消息)
- An alert sound (提示音)
- A vibrate setting (振动)
- A flashing LED setting (灯光)
- 等等
一、创建Notification
通过NotificationManager 的 notify(int, Notification) 方法来启动Notification。
第一个参数唯一的标识该Notification,第二个参数就是Notification对象。
二、更新Notification
调用Notification的 setLatestEventInfo方法来更新内容,然后再调用NotificationManager的notify()方法即可。(具体可以看下面的实例)
三、删除Notification
通过NotificationManager 的cancel(int)方法,来清除某个通知。其中参数就是
Notification的唯一标识ID。
当然也可以通过 cancelAll() 来清除状态栏所有的通知。
四、Notification设置(振动、铃声等)
1. 基本设置:
-
- baseNF = new Notification();
-
- baseNF.icon = R.drawable.icon;
-
- baseNF.tickerText = "You clicked BaseNF!";
-
-
- baseNF.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND;
-
-
-
- baseNF.setLatestEventInfo(Lesson_10.this, "Title01", "Content01", pd);
-
-
- nm.notify(Notification_ID_BASE, baseNF);
//新建状态栏通知
baseNF = new Notification();
//设置通知在状态栏显示的图标
baseNF.icon = R.drawable.icon;
//通知时在状态栏显示的内容
baseNF.tickerText = "You clicked BaseNF!";
//通知的默认参数 DEFAULT_SOUND, DEFAULT_VIBRATE, DEFAULT_LIGHTS.
//如果要全部采用默认值, 用 DEFAULT_ALL.
//此处采用默认声音
baseNF.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND;
//第二个参数 :下拉状态栏时显示的消息标题 expanded message title
//第三个参数:下拉状态栏时显示的消息内容 expanded message text
//第四个参数:点击该通知时执行页面跳转
baseNF.setLatestEventInfo(Lesson_10.this, "Title01", "Content01", pd);
//发出状态栏通知
//The first parameter is the unique ID for the Notification
// and the second is the Notification object.
nm.notify(Notification_ID_BASE, baseNF);
配一张图作说明:
2. 添加声音
如果要采用默认声音,只要使用default就可以了。
- baseNF.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND;
baseNF.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND;
如果要使用自定义声音,那么就要用到sound了。如下:
- notification.sound = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/notification/ringer.mp3");
notification.sound = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/notification/ringer.mp3");
上面这种方法,使用的是自己的铃声,如果想用系统自带的铃声,可以这样:
- notification.sound = Uri.withAppendedPath(Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "6");
notification.sound = Uri.withAppendedPath(Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "6");
需要注意一点,如果default、sound同时出现,那么sound无效,会使用默认铃声。
默认情况下,通知的声音播放一遍就会结束。 如果你想让声音循环播放,需要为flags参数加上FLAG_INSISTENT。 这样声音会到用户响应才结束,比如下拉状态栏。
- notification.flags |= notification.FLAG_INSISTENT;
notification.flags |= notification.FLAG_INSISTENT;
3. 添加振动
如果是使用默认的振动方式,那么同样也是使用default。
- notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;
notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;
当然也可以自己定义振动形式,这边需要用到Long型数组。
- long[] vibrate = {0,100,200,300};
- notification.vibrate = vibrate;
long[] vibrate = {0,100,200,300};
notification.vibrate = vibrate;
这边的Long型数组中,第一个参数是开始振动前等待的时间,第二个参数是第一次振动的时间,第三个参数是第二次振动的时间,以此类推,随便定义多长的数组。但是采用这种方法,没有办法做到重复振动。
同样,如果default、vibrate同时出现时,会采用默认形式。
另外还需要注意一点:使用振动器时需要权限,如下:
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE"></uses-permission>
4. 闪光
使用默认的灯光,如下:
- notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS;
notification.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS;
自定义:
- notification.ledARGB = 0xff00ff00;
- notification.ledOnMS = 300;
- notification.ledOffMS = 1000;
- notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_SHOW_LIGHTS;
notification.ledARGB = 0xff00ff00;
notification.ledOnMS = 300;
notification.ledOffMS = 1000;
notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_SHOW_LIGHTS;
其中ledARGB 表示灯光颜色、 ledOnMS 亮持续时间、ledOffMS 暗的时间。
注意:这边的颜色跟设备有关,不是所有的颜色都可以,要看具体设备。
5. 其他有用的设置:
flags:
Notification.FLAG_INSISTENT; //让声音、振动无限循环,直到用户响应
Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL; //通知被点击后,自动消失
Notification.FLAG_NO_CLEAR; //点击'Clear'时,不清楚该通知(QQ的通知无法清除,就是用的这个)
下面附上我做的例子,供大家参考。 里面包括创建通知、更新通知、清除通知、设置自定义铃声、自定义振动、自定义通知视图等。
附上代码:
主类:
- package com.yfz;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.app.Notification;
- import android.app.NotificationManager;
- import android.app.PendingIntent;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.net.Uri;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.provider.MediaStore.Audio;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.RemoteViews;
- import android.widget.SeekBar;
- import android.widget.TextView;
-
-
-
-
-
- public class Lesson_10 extends Activity {
-
- private Button bt01;
-
- private Button bt02;
-
- private Button bt03;
-
- private Button bt04;
-
- private Button bt05;
-
- private Button bt06;
-
- private Button bt07;
-
- private NotificationManager nm;
-
- private PendingIntent pd;
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
-
- setContentView(R.layout.lesson10);
- init();
- }
- private void init() {
- bt01 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt01);
- bt02 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt02);
- bt03 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt03);
- bt04 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt04);
- bt05 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt05);
- bt06 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt06);
- bt07 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt07);
- bt01.setOnClickListener(onclick);
- bt02.setOnClickListener(onclick);
- bt03.setOnClickListener(onclick);
- bt04.setOnClickListener(onclick);
- bt05.setOnClickListener(onclick);
- bt06.setOnClickListener(onclick);
- bt07.setOnClickListener(onclick);
- nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
- Intent intent = new Intent(this,Lesson_10.class);
- pd = PendingIntent.getActivity(Lesson_10.this, 0, intent, 0);
- }
- OnClickListener onclick = new OnClickListener() {
-
- private int Notification_ID_BASE = 110;
- private Notification baseNF;
-
- private int Notification_ID_MEDIA = 119;
- private Notification mediaNF;
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- switch(v.getId()) {
- case R.id.le10bt01:
-
- baseNF = new Notification();
-
- baseNF.icon = R.drawable.icon;
-
- baseNF.tickerText = "You clicked BaseNF!";
-
-
- baseNF.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND;
- baseNF.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;
- baseNF.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS;
-
- baseNF.flags |= Notification.FLAG_INSISTENT;
-
- baseNF.flags |= Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL;
-
- baseNF.flags |= Notification.FLAG_NO_CLEAR;
-
-
-
- baseNF.setLatestEventInfo(Lesson_10.this, "Title01", "Content01", pd);
-
-
- nm.notify(Notification_ID_BASE, baseNF);
- break;
- case R.id.le10bt02:
-
-
-
-
- baseNF.setLatestEventInfo(Lesson_10.this, "Title02", "Content02", pd);
- nm.notify(Notification_ID_BASE, baseNF);
- break;
- case R.id.le10bt03:
-
- nm.cancel(Notification_ID_BASE);
- break;
- case R.id.le10bt04:
- mediaNF = new Notification();
- mediaNF.icon = R.drawable.icon;
- mediaNF.tickerText = "You clicked MediaNF!";
-
- mediaNF.sound = Uri.withAppendedPath(Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "6");
-
-
-
- long[] vir = {0,100,200,300};
- mediaNF.vibrate = vir;
- mediaNF.setLatestEventInfo(Lesson_10.this, "Title03", "Content03", pd);
- nm.notify(Notification_ID_MEDIA, mediaNF);
- break;
- case R.id.le10bt05:
-
- nm.cancel(Notification_ID_MEDIA);
- break;
- case R.id.le10bt06:
- nm.cancelAll();
- break;
- case R.id.le10bt07:
-
- Notification notification = new Notification();
- notification.icon = R.drawable.icon;
- notification.tickerText = "Custom!";
- RemoteViews contentView = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.custom);
- contentView.setImageViewResource(R.id.image, R.drawable.icon);
- contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.text, "Hello, this message is in a custom expanded view");
- notification.contentView = contentView;
-
-
- notification.contentIntent = pd;
- nm.notify(3, notification);
- break;
- }
- }
- };
- }
package com.yfz;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.MediaStore.Audio;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.RemoteViews;
import android.widget.SeekBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
/**
* Notification
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class Lesson_10 extends Activity {
//BaseNotification
private Button bt01;
//UpdateBaseNotification
private Button bt02;
//ClearBaseNotification
private Button bt03;
//MediaNotification
private Button bt04;
//ClearMediaNotification
private Button bt05;
//ClearALL
private Button bt06;
//CustomNotification
private Button bt07;
//通知管理器
private NotificationManager nm;
//通知显示内容
private PendingIntent pd;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
/*加载页面*/
setContentView(R.layout.lesson10);
init();
}
private void init() {
bt01 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt01);
bt02 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt02);
bt03 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt03);
bt04 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt04);
bt05 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt05);
bt06 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt06);
bt07 = (Button)findViewById(R.id.le10bt07);
bt01.setOnClickListener(onclick);
bt02.setOnClickListener(onclick);
bt03.setOnClickListener(onclick);
bt04.setOnClickListener(onclick);
bt05.setOnClickListener(onclick);
bt06.setOnClickListener(onclick);
bt07.setOnClickListener(onclick);
nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
Intent intent = new Intent(this,Lesson_10.class);
pd = PendingIntent.getActivity(Lesson_10.this, 0, intent, 0);
}
OnClickListener onclick = new OnClickListener() {
//BASE Notification ID
private int Notification_ID_BASE = 110;
private Notification baseNF;
//Notification ID
private int Notification_ID_MEDIA = 119;
private Notification mediaNF;
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch(v.getId()) {
case R.id.le10bt01:
//新建状态栏通知
baseNF = new Notification();
//设置通知在状态栏显示的图标
baseNF.icon = R.drawable.icon;
//通知时在状态栏显示的内容
baseNF.tickerText = "You clicked BaseNF!";
//通知的默认参数 DEFAULT_SOUND, DEFAULT_VIBRATE, DEFAULT_LIGHTS.
//如果要全部采用默认值, 用 DEFAULT_ALL.
//此处采用默认声音
baseNF.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND;
baseNF.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;
baseNF.defaults |= Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS;
//让声音、振动无限循环,直到用户响应
baseNF.flags |= Notification.FLAG_INSISTENT;
//通知被点击后,自动消失
baseNF.flags |= Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL;
//点击'Clear'时,不清楚该通知(QQ的通知无法清除,就是用的这个)
baseNF.flags |= Notification.FLAG_NO_CLEAR;
//第二个参数 :下拉状态栏时显示的消息标题 expanded message title
//第三个参数:下拉状态栏时显示的消息内容 expanded message text
//第四个参数:点击该通知时执行页面跳转
baseNF.setLatestEventInfo(Lesson_10.this, "Title01", "Content01", pd);
//发出状态栏通知
//The first parameter is the unique ID for the Notification
// and the second is the Notification object.
nm.notify(Notification_ID_BASE, baseNF);
break;
case R.id.le10bt02:
//更新通知
//比如状态栏提示有一条新短信,还没来得及查看,又来一条新短信的提示。
//此时采用更新原来通知的方式比较。
//(再重新发一个通知也可以,但是这样会造成通知的混乱,而且显示多个通知给用户,对用户也不友好)
baseNF.setLatestEventInfo(Lesson_10.this, "Title02", "Content02", pd);
nm.notify(Notification_ID_BASE, baseNF);
break;
case R.id.le10bt03:
//清除 baseNF
nm.cancel(Notification_ID_BASE);
break;
case R.id.le10bt04:
mediaNF = new Notification();
mediaNF.icon = R.drawable.icon;
mediaNF.tickerText = "You clicked MediaNF!";
//自定义声音
mediaNF.sound = Uri.withAppendedPath(Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "6");
//通知时发出的振动
//第一个参数: 振动前等待的时间
//第二个参数: 第一次振动的时长、以此类推
long[] vir = {0,100,200,300};
mediaNF.vibrate = vir;
mediaNF.setLatestEventInfo(Lesson_10.this, "Title03", "Content03", pd);
nm.notify(Notification_ID_MEDIA, mediaNF);
break;
case R.id.le10bt05:
//清除 mediaNF
nm.cancel(Notification_ID_MEDIA);
break;
case R.id.le10bt06:
nm.cancelAll();
break;
case R.id.le10bt07:
//自定义下拉视图,比如下载软件时,显示的进度条。
Notification notification = new Notification();
notification.icon = R.drawable.icon;
notification.tickerText = "Custom!";
RemoteViews contentView = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.custom);
contentView.setImageViewResource(R.id.image, R.drawable.icon);
contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.text, "Hello, this message is in a custom expanded view");
notification.contentView = contentView;
//使用自定义下拉视图时,不需要再调用setLatestEventInfo()方法
//但是必须定义 contentIntent
notification.contentIntent = pd;
nm.notify(3, notification);
break;
}
}
};
}
主页面:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout
- xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:orientation="vertical">
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/le10bt01"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="BaseNotification"
- />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/le10bt02"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="UpdateBaseNotification"
- />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/le10bt03"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="ClearBaseNotification"
- />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/le10bt04"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="MediaNotification"
- />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/le10bt05"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="ClearMediaNotification"
- />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/le10bt06"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="ClearALL"
- />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/le10bt07"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="CustomNotification"
- />
- </LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/le10bt01"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="BaseNotification"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/le10bt02"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="UpdateBaseNotification"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/le10bt03"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="ClearBaseNotification"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/le10bt04"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="MediaNotification"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/le10bt05"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="ClearMediaNotification"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/le10bt06"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="ClearALL"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/le10bt07"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="CustomNotification"
/>
</LinearLayout>
自定义视图页面:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:orientation="horizontal"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:padding="3dp"
- >
- <ImageView android:id="@+id/image"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
- />
- <TextView android:id="@+id/text"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="fill_parent"
- android:textColor="#000"
- />
- </LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:padding="3dp"
>
<ImageView android:id="@+id/image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_marginRight="10dp"
/>
<TextView android:id="@+id/text"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:textColor="#000"
/>
</LinearLayout>
就讲这么多。