[按：万恶的SONY-Microsoft排他性协议，如果不是因为这个的话，SONY的本本可以跟Linux兼容得更好。我用的是FZ35，使用ubuntu老是有些硬件兼容问题，但这篇博客基本上都帮我解决了。原作者用的是FZ31E，我也不知道跟我的FZ35有什么区别，看着样子长得像就直接把死马当活马医了，没想到这么有效，呵呵～由是感激，便把它翻译为中文，希望能让更多人受惠～第一次做翻译，没有经验，如有错漏请评论告知，谢谢]
[再按：在手提电脑上安装Linux有问题，建议还是先上Linux On Laptops看看，常常会有意想不到的收获^_^]

Yeap I bought it. I though that since it had an NVidia card and it was Centrino based etc it wouldn't have any incompatibilities with Linux. (aaaargh if I only knew...) Anyway.
是的，我把它（Vaio VGN-FZ31E）买下来了。我当初以为既然它使用NVIDIA显卡，而且基于迅驰技术什么的，使用Linux应该不会遇到什么兼容性问题吧。（啊啊啊～～如果我早知道的话…）算了吧。

The laptop came with Vista. I was going to keep them for a week or so just to make sure I don't miss any of the Sony specific programs that was preinstalled. Well I couldn't bare them for more than 24 hours. I made some factory restore CDs and repartitioned the whole drive which now only has Ubuntu installed in it.
这部手提电脑预装了Vista。我本来打算保留它一个星期左右来确保我没有遗漏任何SONY预装的专有程序的。可是我实在无法忍受它们超过24小时。我制作了一张恢复光盘，然后把整个硬盘重新分区了。现在，我只安装了Ubuntu操作系统。

What worked out of the box:
一开机就正常工作的硬件：

The SD/MS reader (104c:803b). It works out of the box with SD cards but the MS PRO slot doesn't work for me and I have found no way to make it work.
SD/MS 读卡器（104c:803b）。SD读卡器能够正常工作，但MS PRO插槽不行，而且我没办法让它工作起来。

Graphics Card (10de:0426): The NVidia GeForce 8400 GT worked perfectly with the closed source drivers that Ubuntu installed. The temperature sensor works OK too.
显卡（10de:0426）：使用Ubuntu安装的闭源驱动程序，NVIDIA GeForce 8400 GT显卡能够完美地工作。温度传感器也没有问题。

Nevertheless I recreated the xorg.conf (for no specific reason). Here is the new one.
不过我还是重新生成了xorg.conf文件（没什么特别的原因）这是新的xorg.conf（图片/代码缺失？）

DVD-Drive (PIONEER DVD-RW DVRKD08): It works OK. I recorded a data DVD with Brasero (for some reason it couldn't verify the burned disk afterwards but it worked perfectly). I also installed Diablo 2 through Wine. The CD protection of Diablo 2 works OK and recognizes the original CD.
DVD驱动器（PIONEER DVD-RW DVRKD08）：它能正常工作。我使用Brasero软件刻录了一张数据DVD盘（由于某种原因它没能在刻录完成后检验光盘，不过那张光盘没有任何问题）。我还通过Wine安装了Diablo 2。Diablo 2的CD保护功能正常工作，而且认出了原始的CD光盘。

CPU (Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T5450 @ 1.66GHz): Both cores are recognized and the temperature sensors work OK. The same goes for frequency scaling.
CPU (Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T5450 @ 1.66GHz)：两个核都能被认出来，温度传感器正常工作，变频功能也没有问题。

Wireless and LAN (8086:4229 and 11ab:4351): They both work perfectly right out of the box.
无线及有线网卡 (8086:4229 and 11ab:4351)：两者都没有任何问题。（译者的无线网卡偶然会不能工作）

What didn't work out of the box but works with some tricks. Before trying the tricks enable the extra repositories (universe, multiverse etc) from System->Administration->Software sources).
一开机时不能正常工作，但有解决方法的硬件。在尝试解决方法之前 ，先激活额外的软件库（把"系统->管理->软件源"里面的universe,multiverse之类的选项都选上即可）。

Camera (05ca:183b): HAL loads a wrong module for the camera that in addition to not working, makes the laptop crash when you try to suspend it. So you must remove the misbehaving module from the kernel and prohibit reloading it.
摄像头（05ca:183b）：HAL（硬件抽象层）为摄像头加载了一个错误的模块，使得它不只不能工作，在你挂起系统时还会导致系统崩溃。因此，你必须从内核中去掉那个工作不正常的模块，并且禁止它重新加载。

   1. Type the following in a console (you can find the console in Applications->Accessories->Terminal):
      在命令行输入以下命令（你可以通过"应用程序->附件->终端"来打开它）

      sudo gedit /etc/pm/config.d/unload_modules

      Give your password and then copy and paste the following line at the end of the file:
      输入你的密码，并且把这行复制粘贴到文件的末尾。

      SUSPEND_MODULES=uvcvideo


      Save the file and close the text editor.
      然后保存文件，关闭gedit。

   2. To download the r5u870 drive you will need svn, so in a console type:
      要下载r5u870摄像头驱动你需要先安装svn，所以在命令行输入：

      sudo apt-get install subversion

      (answer yes to any questions you may encounter)
      (如果被问到任何问题，输入y)

   3. To download the source of the driver, type in the console:
      要下载驱动程序的源代码，在命令行输入：

      svn co http://svn.mediati.org/svn/r5u870/trunk r5u870

   4. Now that all files are downloaded go into their directory by typing:
      所有文件都下载完成后，进入目录，输入：

      cd r5u870

   5. Install the build-essential package before trying to compile the drivers by typing:
      在编译驱动程序前，先安装build-essential软件包，输入：

      sudo apt-get install build-essential

   6. Compile the driver by typing:
      编译驱动程序，输入：

      make

   7. and then install the driver by typing:
      安装驱动程序，输入：

      sudo make install

   8. Now instead of restarting you may just load the module into the kernel by typing:
      你不用重启电脑就可以把编译好的模块加载到内核，输入：

      sudo modprobe r5u870

      When you reach this point the camera will only work with some applications like Skype.
      现在，这个摄像头只能在某些应用程序（如Skype）下工作。


      If you open Cheese (a very nice application for capturing video and still pictures from your camera, install it by typing sudo apt-get install cheese) you will notice that it doesn't recognize your camera. That's because the system doesn't recognize it as a Video4Linux camera.
      如果你使用Cheese（一个通过摄像头捕捉视频和静态图像的很不错的软件，通过输入sudo apt-get install cheese即可安装）你会发现它没能认出你的摄像头。那是因为系统没有认出它是一个Video4Linux摄像头。

   9. To fix this you will have to download this file and copy it to /usr/share/hal/fdi/information/20thirdparty . If you don't know how to do this just type the following two lines in the console:
      要解决这个问题，你需要下载这个文件，并且把它复制到/usr/share/hal/fdi/information/20thirdparty。如果你不知道应该怎么做，只需在命令行输入以下两行：

      cd /usr/share/hal/fdi/information/20thirdparty
      sudo wget http://students.ceid.upatras.gr/~asimakis/10-r5u870-webcam.fdi

  10. Now either restart you computer or execute this in the console:
      现在你要么重启你的电脑，要么在命令行执行这一行：

      sudo /etc/init.d/hal restart

      Now you should have a perfectly working camera! Oh, you may now delete the sources by typing:
      现在你的摄像头应该能够完美地工作！喔，现在你可以通过输入这一行删除驱动程序源代码了：

      sudo rm -r ~/r5u870


Sleep and Hibernate: They don't work initially. The computers go to sleep but when awaken it stays in a black screen. Fixing the camera will fix this problem too. :-)
睡眠和休眠：他们一开始不能正常工作。电脑能够睡眠，但被唤醒时它一直保持黑屏。解决摄像头问题会连这个问题也解决掉。^_^

Sound Card (8086:284b): Well, playback worked out of the box but when opening the sound options there were no recording controls and the sound was coming out only through the builtin speakers, plugging in headphones changed nothing. To fix all these problems follow these simple steps:
声卡（8086:284b）：嗯，回放功能是一开机就正常的，不过打开声音选项时，找不到录音控制，并且只能通过内置的扬声器发出声音，插入耳机并不能切换。解决这个问题只需完成简单的几步：

   1. Optional step. I suggest that you don't use Pulseaudio because I found it a bit buggy. To switch back to ALSA go to System->Preferences->Sound and change everything to ALSA.
      可选步骤。我建议你不要使用Pulseaudio（脉冲音频），因为我发现它有一些小bug。要切换回ALSA，打开"系统->选项->声音"，然后把所有的下拉列表都改为ALSA。

   2. Type the following in a console:
      在命令行输入：

      echo "options snd-hda-intel model=vaio" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/snd-hda-intel （原文在sudo前漏了管道符号）

   3. Restart you computer.
      重启电脑。

   4. Open the sound controls by clicking the sound icon next to the clock.
      通过点击时钟旁边的声音图标打开声音控制。

   5. Select File->Change Device->HDA Intel (Alsa mixer)
      选择"文件->改变设备->HDA Intel (Alsa mixer)
      （在Ubuntu 9.04里直接把设备下拉列表改为HDA Intel (Alsa mixer)即可）

   6. Then goto Edit->Preferences and select everything.
      然后把"编辑->选项"中所有的选项都选上。
      （在Ubuntu 9.04里直接点选项按钮，然后把所有选项都选上。）


   7. Play around with the controls. Don't forget to look at all three tabs (in the third tab you will find the record selection switches: Internal Mic, PCM, Mic Jack)
      播放一些声音，调节一下这些控制杆。别忘了把这三个标签栏都看一下（在第三个标签栏里你会找到录音切换选项：内置麦克风，PCM（脉冲编码调制），麦克风插孔）


Bluetooth (044e:3010): It is properly recognized by the system but it will not work. Here is a way to fix it:
蓝牙（044e:3010）：它能够正确地被系统辩认出来，但不能正常工作。这是解决的办法：

   1. In a console type:
      在命令行输入：

      sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

   2. Now append the following line before the exit command (if there is one) near the end of the file:
      然后在靠近文件末尾的exit命令（如果有的话）前输入这一行：

      hciconfig hci0 reset

   3. Now save the file and close gedit.
      现在保存文件，关闭gedit。


This way the bluetooth will work correctly but if you switch it off and again on (using the hardware switch in the front side of the laptop) it will stop working so you also have to do the following:
这样的话，蓝牙能够正常工作（在译者的系统里，内置的蓝牙管理器仍然不能工作，但blueman可以，通过在命令行输入sudo apt-get install blueman即可安装），但假如你把蓝牙关掉，然后又重新打开，它又会停止工作。因此，你还要这样做：


   1. Right click on an empty space on your panel and select "Add to panel..."
   用鼠标右键点击你的面板的任何空白处，选择"添加到面板……"

   2. Then create a new custom launcher and in the command textfield copy and paste this:
      然后创建一个自定义启动器，在命令文本框复制粘贴这一行：

      gksudo hciconfig hci0 reset

This way when your bluetooth stops working, just click on the new launcher that you made and it will ask for your password and then reset the bluetooth device so that it will start working again
这样的话，当你的蓝牙不工作时，只需单击一下你创建的那个启动器，然后它会让你输入密码，并且重置蓝牙设置而使它重新开始工作。


VGA-out:
VGA输出：

Open a console and type:
打开一个命令行窗口然后输入：

cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf ~/xorg.conf.back

This will back up your xorg.conf file just in case you mess it up.
Now you will have to install the NVIDIA settings manager. To do this just type:
这条命令会备份你的xorg.conf文件，如果你搞乱了的话，可以用它来恢复。
现在你要安装NVIDIA设置管理器。只需输入：

sudo apt-get install nvidia-settings

And then run it by typing:
然后通过输入这一行运行它：

sudo nvidia-settings

The NVIDIA settings manager will open. (you might need to resize this window because for some strange reason it initializes too small)
NVIDIA设置管理器会打开（你可能需要改变一下窗口的大小，由于某些原因，它初始化时太小了）。


Now select X Server Display Configuration and then click on Detect Displays to detect the connected display. Now you will be able to configure the two screens using the options in the Display and the X Screen tabs.
现在选择X服务器显示配置，然后单击检测显示器来检测已连接的显示器。现在你能够通过显示和X屏幕标签栏里的选项配置两个屏幕了。

From ere you may also set the resolution to for your laptop's monitor to the correct one (1280x800). If you select a resolution from the Resolution drop-down-list (it's visible in the above picture) the drop-down-list on its right will be enabled and you can then select the desired refresh rate.
在此之前，你可能也需要把你的手提电脑显示器的分辨率设置为正确的值（1280x800）。如果你从分辨率下拉列表（在上图中可以看到）中选择了一个分辨率。其右边的那个下拉列表会激活，然后你可以选择希望的刷新率。

Afterwords don't forget to click on Save to X Configuration File.
最后别忘了单击"保存到X配置文件"

If you mess up then type this in a console to restore your backup:
如果你搞乱了，那么在命令行输入这一行来恢复你的备份文件：

sudo cp ~/xorg.conf.back /etc/X11/xorg.conf

To delete your backup type:
要删除备份文件，输入：

rm ~/xorg.conf.back

Tip: To get rid of the annoying NVIDIA splash screen type this a a terminal:
提示：要摆脱NVIDIA那个烦人的启动画面，在命令行输入：

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Then find all the Device sections and add this line inside them:
然后找出所有的设备段，然后在它们里面输入这一行。

Option "NoLogo" "True"


Then save and exit.
然后保存、退出。


What doesn't work and still I have found no solution:
不能工作，并且我目前还没找到解决方案的：

The Fn buttons don't work. In fact the sound controls work, the next track, previous track, play, stop buttons work too. The S1 (customizable button), the AV MODE and the brightness control buttons doesn't work. I am still looking for a solution. The MS PRO slot doesn't work and I still haven't found any solution.
Fn按钮不能工作。实际上，声音控制能够工作，后一首/前一首，播放、停止按钮都能工作。S1（可自定义按钮），AV模式，还有亮度控制不能工作。我还在寻找解决方案。MS PRO插槽不能工作，并且我还没能找到任何解决方案。

What I haven't fully tried yet:
我还没完全尝试过的：

S-Video out, HDMI output. I'll try them some time... (Shawe in the comments says that HDMI works OK but without any sound.)
S-Video输出，HDMI输出。我会找个时间试试他们的……（Shawe在评论里说HDMI能正常工作，但没有任何声音。）


References:
参考：
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=706530
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+bug/147757
http://wiki.mediati.org/Installation
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+bug/33719

PS: If I fix more problems I will update this post so you might want to check back later. If you find any problems or omissions please leave a comment.
补充1：如果我修正了更多问题，我会更新这篇文章。因此你以后可能想回来查看这篇文章。如果你发现了任何问题，或者缺漏，请留下评论。（本翻译文章可能不会同步更新）

PS2: It seems like someone did a partial translation of this article into Catalan. Here is a link to it. :-)
补充2：貌似有人把这篇文章的一部分翻译为加泰罗尼亚文了。这是它的链接 ^_^

PS3: Thank you for your comments and the info you provided!
补充3：感谢你的评论和你提供的信息！