.net Api 接口调用 增删改查
.net Api项目搭建内容以前已经说过了，文章链接，这篇文章在已经搭建好项目基础上简单说下如何建立API增删改查接口。
在Models中建立一个实体类：
namespace ApiTest.Models
{
public class Product
{
public
int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Category { get; set; }
public decimal Price { get; set; }
}
}
处理数据的接口放在Models中：
namespace ApiTest.Models
{
interface IProductRepository
{
IEnumerable<Product> GetAll();
Product Get(
int id);
Product Add(Product item);
void Remove(
int id);
bool Update(Product item);
}
}
业务处理的接口实现类也放在Models中：
namespace ApiTest.Models
{
public class ProductRepository:IProductRepository
{
private List<Product> products =
new List<Product>();
private
int _nextId = 1;
public ProductRepository()
{
products.Add(
new Product { Id = 0, Name = "Tomato soup", Category = "Groceries", Price = 1.39M });
products.Add(
new Product { Id = 1, Name = "Yo-yo", Category = "Toys", Price = 3.75M });
products.Add(
new Product { Id = 2, Name = "Hammer", Category = "Hardware", Price = 16.99M });
}
public IEnumerable<Product> GetAll()
{
return products;
}
public Product Get(
int id)
{
return products.Find(p=>p.Id==id);
}
public Product Add(Product item)
{
if (item ==
null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
}
item.Id = _nextId++;
products.Add(item);
return item;
}
public
void Remove(
int id)
{
products.RemoveAll(p=>p.Id==id);
}
public bool Update(Product item)
{
if(item==
null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("item");
}
int index = products.FindIndex(p=>p.Id==item.Id);
if (index == -1)
{
return false;
}
products.RemoveAt(index);
products.Add(item);
return true;
}
}
在Controllers中新建ProductController：
//这里路由处理根据http协议
namespace ApiTest.Controllers
{
public class ProductsController : ApiController
{
static readonly IProductRepository repository =
new ProductRepository();
//GET: /api/products
public IEnumerable<Product> GetAllProducts()
{
return repository.GetAll();
}
//GET: /api/products/id
public Product GetProduct(
int id)
{
Product item = repository.Get(id);
if (item ==
null)
{
throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
}
return item;
}
//GET: /api/products?category=Groceries
public IEnumerable<Product> GetProductsByCategory(string category)
{
return repository.GetAll().Where(p => string.Equals(p.Category, category, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
}
//POST: /api/products
public HttpResponseMessage PostProduct(Product item)
{
item = repository.Add(item);
var response = Request.CreateResponse<Product>(HttpStatusCode.Created, item);
string uri = Url.Link("DefaultApi",
new { id = item.Id });
response.Headers.Location =
new Uri(uri);
return response;
}
//PUT: /api/products/id
public
void PutProduct(
int id, Product product)
{
product.Id = id;
if (!repository.Update(product))
{
throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
}
}
//Delete: /api/products/id
public
void DeleteProduct(
int id)
{
Product item = repository.Get(id);
if (item ==
null)
{
throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
}
repository.Remove(id);
}
}
在Views中的Home中修改原有的index文件：
<script src="~/Content/jquery-3.1.1.js"></script>
<div id="body">
<section>
<h2>添加记录</h2>
Name:<input id="name" type="text" /><br />
Category:<input id="category" type="text" />
Price:<input id="price" type="text" /><br />
<input id="addItem" type="button" value="添加" />
</section>
<section>
<br />
<br />
<h2>修改记录</h2>
Id：<input id="id2" type="text" /><br />
Name:<input id="name2" type="text" /><br />
Category:<input id="category2" type="text" />
Price:<input id="price2" type="text" /><br />
<input id="showItem" type="button" value="查询" />
<input id="editItem" type="button" value="修改" />
<input id="removeItem" type="button" value="删除" />
</section>
</div>
<script>
//用于保存用户输入数据
var Product = {
create:
function () {
Id: "";
Name: "";
Category: "";
Price: "";
return Product;
}
}
//添加一条记录 请求类型:POST 请求url: /api/Products
//请求到ProductsController.cs中的 public HttpResponseMessage PostProduct(Product item) 方法
$("#addItem").click(
function () {
var newProduct = Product.create();
newProduct.Name = $("#name").val();
newProduct.Category = $("#category").val();
newProduct.Price = $("#price").val();
$.ajax({
url: "/api/Products",
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
data: JSON.stringify(newProduct),
success:
function () {
alert("添加成功！");
},
error:
function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
alert("请求失败，消息：" + textStatus + " " + errorThrown);
}
});
});
//先根据Id查询记录 请求类型:GET 请求url: /api/Products/Id
//请求到ProductsController.cs中的 public Product GetProduct(int id) 方法
$("#showItem").click(
function () {
var inputId = $("#id2").val();
$("#name2").val("");
$("#category2").val("");
$("#price2").val("");
$.ajax({
url: "/api/Products/" + inputId,
type: "GET",
contentType: "application/json; charset=urf-8",
success:
function (data) {
$("#name2").val(data.Name);
$("#category2").val(data.Category);
$("#price2").val(data.Price);
},
error:
function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
alert("请求失败，消息：" + textStatus + " " + errorThrown);
}
});
});
//修改该Id的记录 请求类型:PUT 请求url: /api/Products/Id
//请求到ProductsController.cs中的 public void PutProduct(int id, Product product) 方法
$("#editItem").click(
function () {
var inputId = $("#id2").val();
var newProduct = Product.create();
newProduct.Name = $("#name2").val();
newProduct.Category = $("#category2").val();
newProduct.Price = $("#price2").val();
$.ajax({
url: "/api/Products/" + inputId,
type: "PUT",
data: JSON.stringify(newProduct),
contentType: "application/json; charset=urf-8",
success:
function () {
alert("修改成功！ ");
},
error:
function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
alert("请求失败，消息：" + textStatus + " " + errorThrown);
}
});
});
//删除输入Id的记录 请求类型:DELETE 请求url: /api/Products/Id
//请求到ProductsController.cs中的 public void DeleteProduct(int id) 方法
$("#removeItem").click(
function () {
var inputId = $("#id2").val();
$.ajax({
url: "/api/Products/" + inputId,
type: "DELETE",
contentType: "application/json; charset=uft-8",
success:
function (data) {
alert("Id为 " + inputId + " 的记录删除成功！");
},
error:
function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
alert("请求失败，消息：" + textStatus + " " + errorThrown);
}
});
});
</script>
启动项目，进入home的index页面，这里会对Api接口进行请求操作。