第一步：创建密码文件
C:Documents and Settingsshiyihai>orapwd file="H:ora10gdbsorapwdora10g.pwd" entries=10 password=sys

第二步：编辑初始化参数文件，部分参数跟9i不一样，并nomount启动数据库
初始化参数文件init_10g.ora内容如下：
ora10g.__db_cache_size=100000000
ora10g.__java_pool_size=16777216
ora10g.__large_pool_size=16777216
ora10g.__shared_pool_size=50000000
ora10g.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='H:adminora10gadump'
*.background_dump_dest='H:adminora10gbdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='H:oradataora10gCONTROL01.CTL','H:oradataora10gCONTROL02.CTL','H:oradataora10gCONTROL03.CTL'
*.core_dump_dest='H:adminora10gcdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=32
*.db_name='ora10g'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='h:flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=500000000
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ora10gXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=200000000
*.processes=550
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sessions=610
*.sga_target=300000000
*.star_transformation_enabled='TRUE'
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='H:adminora10gudump'

SQL> startup pfile='h:init_10g.ora' nomount
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 301989888 bytes
Fixed Size 1248672 bytes
Variable Size 96469600 bytes
Database Buffers 201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers 2945024 bytes

注意：是启动到nomount状态下。

第三步：创建数据库
create database ora10g
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 32
MAXLOGFILES 32
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 2048
character set ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
DATAFILE 'H:oradataora10gsystem01.dbf' size 300M autoextend on next 64K maxsize unlimited
sysaux DATAFILE 'H:oradataora10gsysaux01.dbf' size 100M autoextend on next 64K maxsize unlimited
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE 'H:oradataora10gtemp01.dbf' size 50M autoextend on MAXSIZE UNLIMITED EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 1024K
UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1 datafile 'H:oradataora10gundotbs01.dbf' SIZE 50M autoextend on next 64K maxsize unlimited
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 ('H:oradataora10gredo0101.dbf') SIZE 50M REUSE,
GROUP 2 ('H:oradataora10gredo0201.dbf') SIZE 50M REUSE,
GROUP 3 ('H:oradataora10gredo0301.dbf') SIZE 50M REUSE;

数据库已创建。

SQL>

第四步：创建数据字典
SQL>@ ?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;
SQL>@ ?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql;
SQL>@ ?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql;
SQL>@ ?/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql;
SQL> conn system/manager
已连接。
SQL> @ ?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;

第五步：创建spfile并重启db
SQL> conn / as sysdba
已连接。
SQL> create spfile from pfile='h:init_10g.ora';

文件已创建。

SQL> startup force;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 301989888 bytes
Fixed Size 1248672 bytes
Variable Size 96469600 bytes
Database Buffers 201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers 2945024 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
数据库已经打开。
SQL>


附：
1、windows平台手工创建数据库需要首先创建例程

set ORACLE_SID=test
oradim.exe -new -sid TEST -startmode m
2、失败后重新创建时，需要删除生成的文件（数据文件，联机日志文件等）
如果遇到如下错误：

Errors in file d:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\mydb\udump\mydb_ora_1344.trc:
ORA-01501: CREATE DATABASE failed
ORA-01991: invalid password file 'D:\oracle\product\10.1.0\Db_1\DATABASE\PWDmydb.ORA'

需要重新创建密码文件